This Guide was created for a "standard" mid- to large-size hospital, typically at least 100, 000 ft2 in size, but the strategies apply to all sizes and classifications of large hospitals. Space types covered include cafeterias and kitchens; conference and office areas; reception and waiting areas; examination and treatment rooms; clean and soiled workrooms; nurse stations; nurseries and patient rooms; operating, procedure and recovery rooms; sterilizer equipment areas; pharmacies and laboratories; triage, trauma, and emergency rooms; physical therapy and radiology/imaging rooms; storage, receiving, and mechanical/electrical/telecom rooms. This Guide does not directly address other, atypical or special-use spaces.
The specific energy-saving recommendations are summarized in a single table for each climate zone and allow contractors, consulting engineers, architects, and designers to easily achieve advanced levels of energy savings without detailed energy modeling or analyses.
In addition, this Guide provides information on integrated design, including general principles and details by project phase, as a necessary component in achieving 50% energy savings. A chapter on energy modeling and energy-efficient strategies is also included to guide teams who do not wish to follow the specific energy-saving recommendation tables.
Those looking for help in implementing the climate-specific recommendations of this Guide will find an expanded section of tips and approaches in the "How to Implement Recommendations" chapter, which are cross referenced with the recommendation tables. Case studies and technical examples throughout the Guide illustrate recommendations and demonstrate the technologies in real-world applications.
Advanced Energy Design Guide for Large Hospitals is the fourth in a series designed to provide recommendations for achieving 50% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004. The energy savings target of 50% is the next step toward achieving a net zero energy building, which is defined as a building that, on an annual basis, draws from outside resources equal or less energy than it provides using on-site renewable energy sources.